What must police officers do before conducting a search of a person's property?

Before conducting a search of a person's property, police officers are required to obtain either consent from the individual or a search warrant. This requirement is rooted in the legal principle that protects an individual's right to privacy and secures property rights, ensuring that searches are not conducted arbitrarily or without proper justification.

When officers obtain consent, it is crucial that it is given voluntarily and is clear. On the other hand, if consent is not given, a search warrant serves as a legal authorization for the officers to conduct the search, having been issued by a judge based on probable cause that a crime has occurred or evidence may be found on the property. This protocol not only upholds the law but also reinforces the integrity of the law enforcement process, ensuring accountability.

The other options reflect actions or considerations that are not prerequisites for legally conducting a search. For instance, notifying the property owner may be a courtesy but is not a legal requirement. Waiting for backup is a tactical decision that does not pertain to the legalities of conducting a search. Checking for identification, while an important part of police procedure, does not directly relate to the requirement for obtaining consent or a search warrant before conducting a search.